System identification of linear structures based on Hilbert–Huang spectral analysis. Part 2: Complex modes     

Jann N. Yang  Ying Lei  Shuwen Pan  Norden Huang 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(10):1533-1554

A method, based on the Hilbert–Huang spectral analysis, has been proposed by the authors to identify linear structures in which normal modes exist (i.e., real eigenvalues and eigenvectors). Frequently, all the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of linear structures are complex. In this paper, the method is extended further to identify general linear structures with complex modes using the free vibration response data polluted by noise. Measured response signals are first decomposed into modal responses using the method of Empirical Mode Decomposition with intermittency criteria. Each modal response contains the contribution of a complex conjugate pair of modes with a unique frequency and a damping ratio. Then, each modal response is decomposed in the frequency–time domain to yield instantaneous phase angle and amplitude using the Hilbert transform. Based on a single measurement of the impulse response time history at one appropriate location, the complex eigenvalues of the linear structure can be identified using a simple analysis procedure. When the response time histories are measured at all locations, the proposed methodology is capable of identifying the complex mode shapes as well as the mass, damping and stiffness matrices of the structure. The effectiveness and accuracy of the method presented are illustrated through numerical simulations. It is demonstrated that dynamic characteristics of linear structures with complex modes can be identified effectively using the proposed method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Calibration of an oscillating nozzle‐type rainfall simulator     

Bofu Yu  Cyril A. A. Ciesiolka  Paul Langford 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2003,28(13):1483-1490

Nozzle‐type rainfall simulators are commonly used in hydrologic and soil erosion research. Simulated rainfall intensity, originating from the nozzle, increases as the distance between the point of measurement and the source is decreased. Hence, rainfall measured using rain gauges would systematically overestimate the rainfall received at the ground level. A simple model was developed to adjust rainfall measured anywhere under the simulator to plot‐wide average rainfall at the ground level. Nozzle height, plot width, gauge diameter and height, and gauge location are required to compute this adjustment factor. Results from 15 runs at different rain intensities and durations, and with different rain gauge layouts, showed that a simple average of measured rain would overestimate the plot‐wide rain by about 20 per cent. Using the adjustment factor to convert measured rainfall for individual gauges before averaging improved the estimate of plot‐wide rainfall considerably. For the 15 runs considered, overall discrepancy between actual and measured rain is reduced to less than 1 per cent with a standard error of 0·97 mm. This model can be easily tested in the ?eld by comparing rainfall depths of different sized gauges. With the adjustment factor they should all give very similar values. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

时间谱电阻率法中的剩余电磁效应研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

昌彦君  罗延钟  彭复员 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2003,33(1):92-95

根据频谱激电（SIP）法或复电阻率（CR）法中研究剩余电磁（REM）效应的思想，通过分析时间谱电阻率（TSR）法中场的基本特征，在TSR法中建立了与SIP（或CR）法中参数Φmax/Φ0max相类似的参数－Emax/E0，用来描述了TSR法中的REM效应。通过对一维可极化大地模型的REM效应的理论计算，验证了用Emax/E0表示的REM异常可用来形象地反映地电断面电阻率的高低。  相似文献   

煤田火区烧变岩光谱特征分析及其信息提取   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

祝善友  韩作振  张光超 《国土资源遥感》2003,14(2):55-58

中国北方煤田煤层自燃现象非常严重.利用遥感手段可以快速实现火区的动态监测,及时为灭火工程提供信息.烧变岩作为火区的地表指示性特征,是火区解译最直观的信息.本文从烧变岩的反射光谱曲线特征入手,对几种提取烧变岩信息的方法进行比较,从而确定解译烧变岩的最佳方法,为圈定火区的范围和位置奠定基础.  相似文献   

用卫星高光谱数据提取江西德兴铜矿矿山废水的pH值污染指标     

刘圣伟  甘甫平  王润生 《地质通报》2003,(Z1)

在对德兴铜矿矿山废水的光谱特征深入分析研究的基础上,总结了不同类型水体(酸性水、碱性水以及河流水)的特征光谱,并利用地物谱特征开展矿山废水pH值污染指标提取研究。针对水体光谱反射率低、特征光谱不明显的特点,采用矿区卫星Hyperion高光谱数据,应用ISA算法和掩膜技术识别出水体分布并进一步与MNF变换有效结合,根据波段散点图进行不同pH值水体的有效分割。为矿山废水污染的诊断和监测提供了新技术和理论支撑。  相似文献   

Spectral and Multiscale Signal-to-Noise Thresholding of Spherical Vector Fields   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

W. Freeden  T. Maier 《Computational Geosciences》2003,7(3):215-250

The basic concepts of spectral and multiscale selective reconstruction of (geophysically relevant) vector fields on the sphere from error-affected data is outlined in detail. The reconstruction mechanism is formulated under the assumption that spectral as well as multiscale approximation is well-representable in terms of only a certain number of expansion coefficients at the various resolution levels. It is shown that spectral denoising by means of orthogonal expansions in terms of vector spherical harmonics reflects global a priori information of the noise (e.g., in form of a covariance tensor field), whereas multiscale signal-to-noise thresholding can be performed under locally dependent noise information within a multiresolution analysis in terms of spherical vector wavelets. An application of the multiscale formalism to Earth's magnetic field determination is presented.  相似文献   

风应力对SST气候场和年际变率作用的诊断及数值研究     

李明  吴洪宝  高维英 《南京气象学院学报》2003,26(2):155-163

相关方法分析Nino3区SSTA和风应力的关系，发现前期风应力距平场与Nino3区SSTA有很好的相关关系，这种相关性超前8个月时就有所显现。影响Nino3区SSTA的主要风应力区域的位置随风应力超前的时间缩短均向中太平洋扩展。数值试验方法研究不同区域的风应力对热带太平洋SST作用的结果表明，强相关区域的风应力对形成和维持热带太平洋SST的气候场的作用不明显，而对SST的年际变率有重要贡献；相反，强相关区域以外的风应力对形成和维持热带太平洋SST的气候场起重要作用，但是对SST的年际变率所起的作用很不理想。  相似文献   

泰山顶部近地层风的方差与谱分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王秀梅  王海英冯磊  丁善文赵勇 《应用气象学报》2003,14(6):739-744

风在速度与方向上的不稳定性可引发结构振动并可导致损坏。山顶风较少受局地作用影响, 流场较稳定，作为典型风况对山顶风湍流脉动情形进行的观测和分析，对于研究建筑结构风载振动情形有着重要意义。在不同风况下对泰山气象站近地层风的风速和风向进行了同时、逐秒测记，所得样本经检验符合正态分布。计算表明，风向样本方差显著大于风速样本方差。绘制了各风速、风向样本自、互谱密度曲线图。谱图显示诸样本具有红噪声序列特征，不同样本自、互谱密度曲线具有相近形状，而以风速自谱曲线吻合程度最好，谱密度曲线在周期为4秒及2秒处有峰值。此后的研究应结合记录仪器的改进增加采样频率，对周期为2秒以下谱曲线作进一步分析。  相似文献   

南极海冰的年际变化对中国东部夏季降水的影响   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

XUE Feng  GUO Pinwen  YU Zhihao 《大气科学进展》2003,20(1):97-102

根据Hadley中心提供的1969—1998年的南极海冰再分析资料和其它多种观测资料，分析了南极海冰的年际和季节变化，指出南极海冰具有显著的年际变化，但与ENSO的关系则较为复杂。南极海冰维持了南半球高纬地区大气环流的季节持续性，因而对短期气候预测有较大帮助。相关分析和时间序列分析均证实中国东部夏季降水与南极海冰的年际变化有关，当北半球春夏季南极海冰增多时，华北降水增多而华南和东北降水减少。研究还表明，此种雨型分布与南极海冰变化引起的东亚夏季风环流变化有关。  相似文献   

太平洋年代际振荡与中国气候变率的联系   总被引：77，自引：6，他引：77  

朱益民  杨修群 《气象学报》2003,61(6):641-654

利用 195 1～ 1998年的太平洋年代际振荡 (PDO)指数、全球海洋和大气分析资料及中国降水和气温站点观测资料 ,分析了太平洋年代际振荡在海洋中的特征及其与东亚大气环流和中国气候变率的联系。结果表明 ,PDO与东亚大气环流及中国气候年代际变化关系密切。对应于PDO暖位相期 (即中纬度北太平洋异常冷、热带中东太平洋异常暖 ) ,冬季 ,阿留申低压增强 ,蒙古高压也增强 (但东西伯利亚高压减弱 ) ,中国东北、华北、江淮以及长江流域大部分地区降水偏少 ,东北、华北和西北地区气温异常显著偏高 ,而西南和华南地区气温偏低 ;夏季 ,海平面气压在北太平洋的负异常较弱 ,而在东亚大陆的正异常较强 ,东亚夏季风偏弱 ,西太平洋副热带高压偏南 ,热带太平洋信风减弱 ,赤道西风增强 ,此时华北地区降水异常偏少而长江中下游、华南南部、东北和西北地区降水异常偏多 ,东北、华北及华南地区气温异常偏高 ,而西北、西南和长江中下游地区气温异常偏低。对应于PDO冷位相期 ,上述形势相反。结果还表明 ,处于不同阶段的ENSO事件对中国夏季气候异常的影响明显受到PDO的调制。在PDO冷位相期 ,当ENSO事件处于发展阶段 ,华南地区夏季降水偏少 ,东北地区夏季多低温 ,在其衰减阶段 ,华北地区和长江流域降水偏多 ,淮河地区降水偏少 ;  相似文献